immigrant-bribe

Hypothesis: Those whose father is immigrant believes more strongly in the idea that „it is justifiable if someone accepts a bribe in the course of their duties” than those whose father is not an immigrant.

In model 1 we see that those whose father is an immigrant score 0,319 higher than those whose father is not immigrant regarding the justification of a bribe. So, it seems like those whose father is immigrant think that accepting a bribe is more justifiable than those whose father is not immigrant. (p<0,05)

As we see our hypothesis is supported by the results. But, are we sure that this is true? What if this hypothesis seems to be right just because there are more older people in our sample and older people are more willing to think that a bribe is acceptable?

Variables: V202, V244, V242

So, our alternative explanation is: Not the fact that someone’s father is immigrant or not has an effect on the question of the justification of the bribe but the age has an effect on this.

In model 2, b1: By adding the age to the model as a control variable the SPSS creates a hypothetical situation. This hypothetical case that you have to imagine is the one when there is no difference in the average age of the respondents between those whose father is immigrant and those whose is not. This hypothetical case is shown by b1.

b1: So, we interpret b1 as the difference in average justifiability between those whose father is immigrant and those whose father is not in a hypothetical case, when there is no age difference between those whose father is immigrant and those whose father is not immigrant. But we also need to see that this statement is statistically not significant. So, actually we cannot state that 0.235 is the difference in average justifiability between those whose father is immigrant and those whose father is not in a hypothetical case, when there is no age difference between those whose father is immigrant and those whose father is not immigrant.

In this way, we keep the age variable on a constant level, which means that in this hypothetical case there is no difference between the two groups regarding age. Here you have to imagine that the respondents from the group 1 and from the group 0 on average are the same years old. Now that we keep the age variable on a constant level we can test if the relationship between having an immigrant father with the justifiability of the bride still stands if in our sample the average age is the same in the two groups. As we see the p value of (father immigrant) changed from model 1 to model 2. So, it is statistically not significant if a person’s father is immigrant or not when we want to explain what kind of factors affect our dependent variable (the justifiability of a bribe).

In model 2, b2: is the difference in average age between those whose father is immigrant and those whose not. On average, those whose father is immigrant are 0,008 years younger than those respondents whose father is not immigrant.

In conclusion, the results support the alternative hypothesis stating that “Not the fact that someone’s father is immigrant or not has an effect on the question of the justification of the bribe but the age has an effect on this.”

We state this because: The original effect disappeared and the age is statistically significant. (p<0,05)